According to official figures, dengue fever has claimed the lives of over 1,000 individuals in Bangladesh this year, almost four times as many as it did during the previous year. This is the largest mosquito-borne illness Bangladesh Dengue Outbreak the nation has seen since the first reported pandemic in 2000, with at least 1,017 fatalities and close to 209,000 infections in the first nine months of 2023. There are 112 children under the age of 15, including babies, among the deceased.
Bangladesh Dengue Outbreak
The virus that causes dengue is mostly spread via the bite of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. There are no indications of dengue to severe flu-like symptoms. A tiny percentage of persons have severe dengue, which has the potential to be lethal. Dengue viruses, often known as dengue serotypes, are classified into four closely related groups. While recovery from an infection confers protection against that serotype of Bangladesh Dengue Outbreak, it also raises the risk of severe dengue in the event that a person contracts a different serotype later on.
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The most common virus in the world spread by mosquitoes is dengue. Because of population increase, rising urbanization, and climate change, it is still spreading quickly. Typically, Bangladesh Dengue Outbreaks are seasonal, reaching their peak during and after wet seasons. Dengue is ranked as one of the top ten hazards to public health by the World Health Organisation.
What is the impact of dengue?
- 50% of people on the planet are susceptible to illness.
- Endemic in 129 nations, with Asia accounting for 70% of cases
- 390 million infections annually, of which 96 million have symptoms
- The number of incidents increased by 85% between 1990 and 2019.
- enormous strain on health systems Compared to cholera, managing dengue costs three times as much.
- The majority of dengue cases are underreported; many are mild, self-managed, asymptomatic, or incorrectly diagnosed.
What are the current treatments for dengue?
There are no dengue antivirals. Pain, fever, and muscular aches may be treated with acetaminophen or paracetamol. Avoid NSAIDs like ibuprofen and aspirin. Dengue patients in hospitals must be thoroughly monitored and their hydration intake controlled according to rigorous criteria. Early identification and medical intervention have reduced dengue fatalities to below 1% in several countries.
The current vaccination is only for persons aged 9–45 who have experienced at least one dengue virus infection. Several dengue vaccine candidates are being considered. Lack of therapy raises the risk of deadly dengue.
How do you get dengue?
Bites from insects: The dengue virus may be spread by the bite of an infected female Aedes aegypti mosquito and, to a lesser degree, an Aedes albopictus mosquito.
Mother-to-child: potential transfer during pregnancy or delivery from mother to kid
Infrequent instances of transmission by transfusions, organ donation, and blood products
What are the symptoms of dengue?
Dengue
Dengue may simply produce a minor sickness or show no symptoms at all, but it can also bring flu-like symptoms like:
- high fever (40°C/104°F)
- severe headache
- pain behind the eyes
- nausea
- vomiting
- swollen glands
- rash
- muscle, joint, or bone pains so severe that dengue is sometimes referred to as ‘break bone fever’
Severe dengue
Severe dengue is characterized by leaking and damaged blood vessels as well as a decrease in platelets, which are the cells that form clots. Therefore, severe dengue may result in organ failure, bleeding gums or noses, shock, internal hemorrhage, and even death. Severe dengue symptoms include the following:
- severe abdominal pain
- persistent vomiting
- rapid breathing
- bleeding gums or nose
- fatigue
- restlessness
- liver enlargement
- blood in vomit or stool
- potentially fatal
What new treatments for dengue are needed?
Treatments tailored to the specifics of dengue are required to manage the disease at various stages and lower the likelihood that an infection may worsen into a serious illness.
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What dengue treatments are we working on?
Our goal is to identify a safe, effective cure for dengue by conducting pre-clinical research and clinical trials in dengue-endemic countries as part of a worldwide cooperation. In addition to exploring a range of dengue therapy alternatives that are now in clinical research, we are also considering repurposed medications or pharmacological combinations.
How is dengue diagnosed?
There are many methods for diagnosing dengue infection, all including the need for a blood sample. The gold standard for direct viral detection is reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), which may be used in the first days after infection.
Additionally, there are quick diagnostic assays that check for the virus’s NS1 protein. It is possible to verify a prior or recent infection (within the last three months) using serological techniques.
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